The branches of which artery contribute to the collateral circulation between subclavian and external iliac arteries?

The inferior epigastric artery plays a key role in the collateral circulation between the subclavian and external iliac arteries. This artery branches off from the external iliac artery and ascends in the abdominal wall. It forms anastomoses with branches of the internal thoracic artery, such as the superior epigastric artery, which originates from the subclavian artery.

This connection is essential, as it provides an alternative route for blood flow in cases where the primary vessels may be obstructed or narrowed. The inferior epigastric artery effectively links the lower and upper parts of the body by connecting two major arterial systems, thus facilitating collateral circulation.