What is an identified complication of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a condition in infants where the pylorus, the opening from the stomach to the small intestine, becomes abnormally thickened, obstructing the passage of food. One of the primary complications associated with this condition is dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

Due to the obstruction, infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis typically experience severe vomiting, leading to significant fluid loss. This loss not only results in dehydration but also disturbs the body’s electrolyte levels, which can impact various physiological functions. Common symptoms related to these complications can include lethargy, dry mucous membranes, and signs of electrolyte disturbance such as muscle weakness or irritability.

In contrast, options suggesting improved digestion, increased appetite, or weight gain are unlikely in cases of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, as the condition leads to feeding difficulties and failure to thrive due to the inability to properly digest and absorb nutrients.