What type of patch is typically utilized in fundoplication surgery?

In fundoplication surgery, a biological patch is typically utilized for reinforcing the lower esophageal sphincter and improving its function. Biological patches are derived from natural tissues and are designed to be biocompatible, minimizing the risk of rejection and complications associated with synthetic materials. These patches promote healing and integrate well with the surrounding tissue, which is particularly beneficial in procedures where natural tissue function needs to be preserved or enhanced.

Contrastingly, synthetic patches may pose a greater risk of complications such as infection or rejection, and while muscle patches or pneumatic patches are terms that may relate to other procedures, they are not standard in fundoplication surgery. The use of a biological patch supports the objective of fundoplication, which is to create an anti-reflux mechanism by enhancing the anatomical structure of the esophagus, thereby ensuring a more successful outcome for patients undergoing this surgical intervention.