Which artery supplies parts of the abdominal wall and runs in the rectus sheath?

The superior epigastric artery is a significant blood vessel that supplies parts of the abdominal wall, particularly the superior aspect. It is a continuation of the internal thoracic artery, typically found running in the rectus sheath, which is a fibrous enclosure that surrounds the rectus abdominis muscle. This anatomical relationship is important because it ensures sufficient blood supply for the muscle and overlying skin in that region.

The artery descends toward the umbilical region, providing branches that directly support the overlying tissues. This supply is essential for the fulfillment of various functions including respiration and movement, as well as in maintaining the integrity of the abdominal wall.